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IKEv2 VPN Explained

IKEv2 is a VPN (Virtual Private Network) protocol that uses IPsec encryption to create secure connections between devices and VPN servers. Known for its excellent stability and built-in support across modern operating systems, IKEv2 excels at maintaining reliable connections, especially on mobile devices that frequently switch between networks. Mr. Alek Furgal of Surfshark shares with us a detailed explanation about IKEv2 protocol. 
 

What are the Pros and cons of IKEv2 VPN?

Is IKEv2 VPN secure? What is it used for?
IKEv2 provides strong security through IPsec encryption and is considered secure for most use cases. The protocol supports modern encryption standards and provides reliable protection for data transmission.

Why use IKEv2:
 

• Mobile connectivity: IKEv2 excels for users who frequently move between networks, such as commuters switching between Wi-Fi and cellular connections;
  
• Built-in convenience: ideal when you prefer native operating system support without installing additional VPN applications;
  
• Battery-conscious usage: suitable for mobile users who prioritize battery efficiency during extended VPN sessions;
  
• Stable connections: excellent for activities requiring consistent connectivity, such as voice calls or video conferences over VPN.
  

Why not to use IKEv2:
 

• Performance on restrictive networks: in heavily censored environments, IKEv2 may be easily blocked if used without additional obfuscation tools;
  
• Advanced customization needs: if you require extensive configuration options or specialized features, OpenVPN might be more suitable;
  
• Speed priority: while fast, IKEv2 may not match WireGuard’s performance for speed-critical applications.
  

IKEv2 and battery life on iOS/Android
IKEv2’s efficient design makes it particularly battery-friendly on mobile devices. The protocol’s ability to maintain connections without constant re-authentication reduces processor load, extending battery life compared to protocols that require frequent handshakes.


IPv6 support and limitations
IKEv2 supports IPv6 connectivity, but implementation varies by operating system and VPN provider. Some configurations may experience IPv6 leaks if not properly configured with appropriate firewall rules.


Why is IKEv2 popular among VPN protocols?
IKEv2’s popularity stems from its native integration across platforms, excellent mobile performance, and reliable stability. The protocol’s built-in support eliminates compatibility issues common with third-party VPN clients.


How IKEv2 works with IPsec
IKEv2 serves as the key exchange mechanism for IPsec, handling authentication and establishing secure tunnels. IPsec then encrypts and authenticates the actual data transmission, creating a comprehensive security framework.


How to set up IKEv2 VPN in 3 easy steps (for Surfshark users)
Setting up IKEv2 with Surfshark is straightforward, thanks to built-in platform support.
 

• Download the app: install the Surfshark app on your device from its official app store or our VPN download page.
  
• Select the IKEv2 protocol: navigate to Settings > VPN settings > Protocol and choose IKEv2.
  
• Select your preferred server location and conn3d5.
  

Setting up IKEv2 manually
Manual setup provides more control over configuration and works on devices without dedicated VPN apps.

Windows
Due to IKEv2’s dwindling popularity on Windows devices, Surfshark has decided to remove IKEv2 support for Windows and focus on more secure and efficient alternatives instead. That said, the general steps for setting up an IKEv2 connection on Windows devices are as follows: 
 

• Open Settings > Network & Internet > VPN.
  
• Click Add VPN and select Windows (built-in).
  
• Enter your VPN server details and authentication credentials.
  
• Configure connection settings and save the profile.
  
• Connect through the VPN settings panel.
  

See, Surfshark Removes IKEv2 for Windows


macOS
For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for macOS.
 

• Open System Preferences > Network.
  
• Click the + button and select VPN followed by IKEv2.
  
• Enter the server address and authentication information.
  
• Configure authentication settings in Advanced options.
  
• Apply settings and connect through Network preferences.
  

Android (via strongSwan)
For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for Android.
 

• Download the strongSwan VPN client from the Google Play Store.
  
• Import your VPN profile or configure it manually.
  
• Enter server details, certificates, and authentication credentials.
  
• Test connection and adjust settings as needed.
  
• Connect through the strongSwan interface.
  

iOS
For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for iOS.
 

• Open Settings > General > VPN & Device Management.
  
• Select Add VPN Configuration and choose IKEv2.
  
• Enter server details and authentication credentials.
  
• Configure additional settings like Always-on VPN if needed.
  
• Save and connect through iOS VPN settings.
  

Troubleshooting common IKEv2 VPN issues
While IKEv2 is generally reliable, connection issues can occasionally occur due to network configurations, firewall settings, or authentication problems. Here are solutions to the most common IKEv2 VPN problems:

Stuck on “connecting” or “negotiating security”
This typically indicates authentication or configuration issues. Verify server details, check certificate validity, and ensure your credentials are correct. Try different server locations or contact your VPN provider for updated configuration files.

No internet after connecting
DNS configuration problems often cause this issue. Manually set DNS servers (like 8.8.8.8 or 1.1.1.1) in your network settings, or disable IPv6 if experiencing conflicts.

Certificate errors
Expired or invalid certificates prevent successful connections. Download fresh certificates from your VPN provider, ensure the system date/time is correct, and verify certificate installation.

DNS or IP leak problems
Configure your device to use VPN-provided DNS servers, disable IPv6 if unsupported, and use built-in kill switch features when available to prevent leaks during disconnections.



IKEv2 compatibility: devices, networks, and firewalls
IKEv2 enjoys native support across modern platforms:
 

• macOS: OS X 10.11 and later (native support);
  
• iOS: iOS 8 and later (built-in support);
  
• Android: Android 4.0+ (via strongSwan or natively in newer versions);
  
• Linux: various distributions with strongSwan;
  
• Windows: Windows 7 and later (built-in support; not available with Surfshark).
  

Firewall and NAT traversal
IKEv2 includes NAT (Network Address Translation) traversal capabilities, allowing connections through most home routers and firewalls. However, some corporate firewalls may block IKEv2 traffic on ports 500 and 4500.

Router compatibility
Many modern routers support IKEv2 configurations, allowing network-wide VPN protection. Check your router’s firmware documentation for IKEv2 support and configuration options.

Mobile networks and carrier issues
Most mobile carriers support IKEv2 traffic, but some may throttle or restrict VPN connections. Connection stability may vary based on carrier network quality and roaming agreements.

IKEv2 in regions with strict internet censorship laws
IKEv2 faces significant challenges in heavily censored regions. Because the protocol’s handshake is distinct, it is relatively easy to detect, and it gets blocked by deep packet inspection (DPI) systems. Government firewalls often block IKEv2 traffic, making using it unreliable in regions with strict internet censorship laws.



IKEv2 vs. other VPN protocols
Understanding how IKEv2 compares to other VPN protocols helps you choose the best option for your specific needs. While all modern protocols offer strong security, each has distinct advantages depending on your priorities and use case.
 

IKEv2 vs. OpenVPN




IKEv2 vs. WireGuard




IKEv2 vs. L2TP/IPsec
L2TP/IPsec is an older, deprecated protocol that offers no practical advantages over IKEv2. IKEv2 provides better performance, security, and stability while maintaining similar compatibility.


IKEv2 vs. PPTP and SSTP
Both PPTP and SSTP are outdated protocols that should be avoided. IKEv2 offers superior security, performance, and compatibility compared to these legacy options.

Conclusion: should you use IKEv2 VPN in 2025?
IKEv2 remains a solid choice for users who prioritize built-in platform support and mobile stability. While WireGuard generally offers better performance and OpenVPN provides more flexibility, IKEv2 still excels in scenarios where native integration and reliable mobile connectivity are primary concerns.


MORE Info HERE


Data and info derived / lifted from Surfshark with permission