Quote:Pixnapping is an Android vulnerability discovered by researchers, which allows apps to steal passwords, one-time codes, and other confidential information from the screen without any special permissions from the operating system. How does it work, and what can you do to protect yourself?
 
Android constantly tightens app restrictions to prevent scammers from using malicious software to steal money, passwords, and users’ private secrets. However, a new vulnerability dubbed Pixnapping bypasses every protective layer and allows an attacker to imperceptibly read image pixels from the screen — essentially taking a screenshot. A malicious app with zero permissions can see passwords, bank account balances, one-time codes, and anything else the owner views on the screen.

Fortunately, Pixnapping is currently a purely research-based project and is not yet being actively exploited by threat actors. The hope is that Google will thoroughly patch the vulnerability before the attack code is integrated into real-world malware. As of now, the Pixnapping vulnerability (CVE-2025-48561) likely affects all modern Android smartphones, including those running the latest Android versions.

Why screenshots, media projection and screen reading are dangerous

As demonstrated by the SparkCat OCR stealer we discovered, threat actors have already mastered image processing. If an image on a smartphone contains a valuable piece of information, the malware can detect it, perform optical character recognition directly on the phone, and then exfiltrate the extracted data to the attacker’s server. SparkCat is particularly noteworthy because it managed to infiltrate official app marketplaces including the App Store. It would not be difficult for a malicious Pixnapping-enabled app to replicate this trick, especially given that the attack requires zero special permissions. An app that appears to offer a legitimate, useful feature could simultaneously and silently send one-time multi-factor authentication codes, cryptowallet passwords, and any other information to scammers.
Another popular tactic used by malicious actors is to view the required data as it’s shown, in real-time. For this social engineering approach, the victim is contacted via a messaging app and, under various pretexts, convinced to enable screen sharing.

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